Articles of Association: established business multiple investors

Articles of Association to be adopted at closing of an investment in an established business by multiple investors.  Intended to accompany the Shareholders Agreement, these Articles balance the rights of the investors with the rights of the founders.

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When do I use this document?

What are the key features?

  • form of new Articles of Association for the company
  • amendments and additions to the Companies Act 2006 Model Articles
  • investor rights exercisable by investors holding a majority of the investors’ shares
  • pre-emption rights on the allotment of new shares, with exceptions for employee share option grants
  • regulations governing the transfer of shares, including:
    • permitted transfers to defined classes of permitted transferees
    • pre-emption rights on the transfer of shares to third parties
    • compulsory transfer provisions for founders and employee shareholders
    • tag-along and drag-along rights, including investor protection against being required to sell their shares
  • regulation of shareholder meetings, including investor presence required for quorum
  • investor and other shareholder rights to appoint a director and investor director to be present for a quorate board meeting

What other documents are available?

For Articles of Association for an investment in a start-up business by multiple investors, see

For Articles of Association for investment by a single investor, see

When do I use this document?

  • for a services agreement between a shareholder and a joint venture company
  • for a range of services, including office facilities, IT support and accounting, tax and HR services
  • for a JV company which is a private limited company incorporated in England and Wales

What are the key features?

  • 23 clauses and one schedule over 13 pages
  • range of services to be provided, to be adapted to suit the circumstances
  • fees and third party costs to be paid to the service provider
  • limitations of liability for the service provider
  • termination provisions, including the service provider ceasing to be a shareholder in the company

When do I use a shareholder operational services agreement?

A corporate shareholder may agree to provide operational and support services to a company, often as part of a joint venture.  The company itself lacks the necessary resources and infrastructure required the operational and administrative tasks and roles.

Operational services that a shareholder may offer include:

  • office facilities: desk space, meeting room and associated services
  • IT: computer maintenance and support, exchange server products and services, website hosting and maintenance
  • accounting: preparation of management accounts and assistance with annual statutory accounts preparation
  • tax: assistance with the company’s tax filings and compliance
  • personnel: support with payroll, recruitment and HR related matters
  • insurance: participation in group insurance schemes and policies

The services may be provided by the shareholder itself through its own resources or by third party providers, often as part of the shareholder’s own services requirements.

Explanatory Guides

As with all of our document templates, your purchase will include access to clear explanatory guidance on the document and its use.

Updated by a lawyer on 30/06/2025

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